Shape memory alloys (SMAs) are a unique class of materials with the ability to recover their shape when the temperature is increased. An increase in temperature can result in shape recovery even under high applied loads. SMAs can also absorb and dissipate mechanical energy by undergoing a reversible hysteretic shape change when subjected to applied mechanical cyclic loading. These characteristics have made SMAs very popular for applications such as sensing and actuation, absorption and vibration damping. The application of SMAs spans a wide variety of industrial sectors such as aerospace...