Groundwater is severely contaminated with a poisonous element, arsenic, the class I carcinogen in different parts of the world including a vast area of India and Bangladesh. It has already been well established that, arsenic is entering inside human and ruminants not only through drinking water but also via food chain. Rice accumulates higher amount of arsenic than that of other cereals as both arsenate and arsenite take entry into the plant efficiently.. To develop low arsenic accumulating rice, it is mandatory to en light the route and their associated genes responsible for arsenic...

Phosphate is one of the key components in energy metabolism and biosynthesis of nucleic acids and membranes. It plays an essential role in photosynthesis and is involved in sugar and starch formation. But, it is one of the least available of all essential nutrients in the soil and its concentration is generally below that of many other micronutrients. A high content of free ferric oxides and high Aluminum (Al) limit the P availability to plants even when present in the soil and has become a widespread problem in vast rice growing area of India. Rice also developed several adoptive mechanisms...