Hepatitis is a common liver disease. It is caused by hepatitis C virus (HCV). It has a long history in humans. Jaundice is common symptom associated with hepatitis, was first described in 5th century BC by Hippocrates. Documentation of outbreaks of hepatitis dates back centuries. Despite speculation in the early twentieth century that hepatitis could be caused by an infectious agent, it took several decades and the development of more sophisticated methods of research and technology, scientists first identified the hepatitis A, B , C, viruses. These discoveries were facilitated by the...

Colonic drug delivery system has achieved great significance in the treatment of local diseases of colon. Microcapsules are particularly appealing for the development of controlled or targeted release dosage forms. They play significant role as drug delivery systems aiming at enhanced bio availability of conventional drugs and minimizing side effects. The formulated microcapsules provide the pH dependent targeted release which proved that microcapsules are excellent candidate for site specific colon drug delivery.

With rapid economic developments and rising living standards, the demand for electricity all over the world is greatly increased. Due to high fuel costs, the steam boilers with higher steam temperature and pressure are needed to decrease the cost of power generation throughout the world extensively. In recent years, human awareness of the gradual strengthening of environmental protection increases, therefore to reduce the CO2 emissions the power generation efficiency needs to be improved. The development of high temperature materials with improved creep rupture strength and oxidation...