Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI, H5N1) is currently a global threat and public health concern. The H5N1 virus, infection in humans is very serious when it occurs; so far, more than half of people reported infected have died. Such a pandemic would be potentially devastating in its impact on human lives and sustainable development. If H5N1 viruses gain the ability for efficient and sustained transmission among humans, an influenza pandemic could result, with potentially high rates of illness and death throughout the globe. H5N1 mutates rapidly and has a documented propensity to acquire...