The buildings in which we live have a tremendous impact on our global environment. Sustainability or "green building" seeks to balance resource efficiency, health, and social concerns throughout the life cycle of a structure. The present thesis supports the above statement and explores applications of titanium dioxide and photocatalysis to cementitious material to produce self-cleaning cement. Self-cleaning cement was prepared by mixing titanium dioxide and white cement in a ratio 0.1 and 0.2. Titanium dioxide used for the production of self-cleaning effect was taken in three forms: i) pure...

The importance of uncertain mathematical models is due to the great contribution, the credit of which goes to Claude Shannon (1948) who introduced the study to solve problems of communication or transmission of signals. This is to be emphasized that uncertain modeling must be considered with respect to precisely specified questions and the amount contained in a piece of information with respect to a given question will be measured by the reduction in uncertainty regarding this question induced by the information. The theory dealing with such models is a quantitative approach for the...

Operations Research is an important discipline dealing with the applications of advanced analytical methods to help make better decisions for the betterment of industrial output. It provides optimal or near-optimal solutions to complex decision-making problems after employing techniques from other mathematical sciences. A wide range of techniques and methods applied in the pursuit of improved decision-making problems are covered under the areas of Operations Research. Some of these areas include econometric methods, data envelopment analysis, neural networks, expert systems, decision...