Sterilization leads to the complete reduction of the pathogenic microorganisms from the surface of surgical gloves after they are manufactured. It is seen that many health hazardous microbes are present on the unsterilized gloves that leads urinary tract infections, skin infections, respiratory infections and food poisoning. These microbes includes gram positive Bacillus species mostly Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterococcus faecalis and gram negative Klebsiella pneumoniae, E.coli etc. Sterilization of gloves was done with the help of boiling,...

The book is related to the isolation of fungal strains for xylanase production using agro-industrial residues. It also provides you the information about screening and selection of fungal strains from different habitats with xylanolytic potential by using xylan agar plates which is quantitatively screened in solid-state fermentation technique. Effect of different chemical and physical factors are discussed in this book.

Pakistan is a big market where a huge amount of fruits and vegetables are grown. However, the marketing system is deficient in proper storage facilities and hence considerable post-harvest loss occurs. Pea is a perishable crop therefore it is difficult to store the peas. Food irradiation is the process of intentionally exposing good-quality food to a controlled source of ionizing radiation for such purposes as pathogen reduction, shelf-life extension, and insect disinfestation. Gamma irradiation of foods is an important source of food sterilization as they kill the microorganisms responsible...

The sterilized gauze has been used in hospitals for dressing of wounds particularly resulting from burns, severe fractures, or injuries with large, soft tissue defects. It has been seen that sometimes gauzes available commercially were not properly sterilized which causes infection. Different microbes were present on them. These microbes include mostly gram positive bacillus subtilis, Staphlococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis etc. Sterilization of gauzes was done with ethylene oxide but it is not the effective method as that of sterilization with gamma radiation using cobalt 60. The...

Radiation technology has proved to be a well established process of controlling several pathogenic microorganisms present on different food items. In this book, information and procedure of peas sterilization by using the gamma radiations has mentioned. Gamma radiations are widely been used for sterility. Radiated peas showed enhanced shelf life and reduced microbial load. Due to radiation control system, peas become safer and healthier for human consumption.

Apple is one of the valuable fruit that belongs to the family Rosaceae. Post-harvest losses occur due to transportation, rough mishandling during harvesting and storage and most important microbial attack. The present study was conducted to observe the effects of gamma radiation on nutritional value of apples, before and after gamma irradiation. The doses used for radiation were of 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 kGy and apples were stored under refrigerated temperature (4ºC). Then proximate analysis was carried out, that is used to determine effects of gamma radiation on nutritional component of apples....

Health is wealth. Such is a simple sentence but its sense and meaning is so tremendous and deep. Through the years, in all societies around the world, health has become synonymous and equivalent to the value of wealth.There is syllogism and analogy between the two different concepts. Health is as valuable as money. That is because without it, you surely would not enjoy anything in life. You would not be able to appreciate the beauty of each day and live up to acknowledge the joys that come to even the simplest encounters with family and friends.Without health, people would not be able to work...

A dental syringe is widely used in most of dental treatment for giving local anesthesia to patients such as in root canal treatment and in common tooth extraction. It consists of a head, a tip, cartridge and a releasable coupling. It is widely used in dentistry and included in critical instruments as it penetrates in tissues and get contaminated with blood and saliva. The transmission of pathogens from one patient to another via contaminated devices has been high profile issue in infection control so it is necessary to sterilize it properly. The Cobalt-60 as gamma radiation source is used for...

Twenty one different varieties of chrysanthemum were selected for the characterization of all species that will help in the varietal selection programme for commercial breeding. All chrysanthemum varieties were analyzed by using two parameters e.g. morphological and molecular parameters. After molecular characterization phylogenetic relationship among all selected varieties was accessed through computer based software DNAMAN that allows the breeder to choose the parentage which is most reliable for the selection of clones before breeding activities.For morphological characterization the plant...

The purpose of this research was to increase the shelf life of mango by using gamma radiation Co 60 source retaining the nutritional composition of mango. Sindhri variety of mango was collected from wholesale market of Lahore to check the effect of gamma radiations on mango. Mangoes were radiated at PARAS Lahore. The doses used for gamma radiation were 0.5 kGy, 1kGy and 1.5 kGy to check the moisture, fat, carbohydrates, protein, ash and fiber contents of mango. Results showed positive effect on export rate of mangoes of Pakistan and minimum loss of nutritional values. It is concluded that...