Apple is one of the valuable fruit that belongs to the family Rosaceae. Post-harvest losses occur due to transportation, rough mishandling during harvesting and storage and most important microbial attack. The present study was conducted to observe the effects of gamma radiation on nutritional value of apples, before and after gamma irradiation. The doses used for radiation were of 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 kGy and apples were stored under refrigerated temperature (4ºC). Then proximate analysis was carried out, that is used to determine effects of gamma radiation on nutritional component of apples....

Health is wealth. Such is a simple sentence but its sense and meaning is so tremendous and deep. Through the years, in all societies around the world, health has become synonymous and equivalent to the value of wealth.There is syllogism and analogy between the two different concepts. Health is as valuable as money. That is because without it, you surely would not enjoy anything in life. You would not be able to appreciate the beauty of each day and live up to acknowledge the joys that come to even the simplest encounters with family and friends.Without health, people would not be able to work...

A dental syringe is widely used in most of dental treatment for giving local anesthesia to patients such as in root canal treatment and in common tooth extraction. It consists of a head, a tip, cartridge and a releasable coupling. It is widely used in dentistry and included in critical instruments as it penetrates in tissues and get contaminated with blood and saliva. The transmission of pathogens from one patient to another via contaminated devices has been high profile issue in infection control so it is necessary to sterilize it properly. The Cobalt-60 as gamma radiation source is used for...

Twenty one different varieties of chrysanthemum were selected for the characterization of all species that will help in the varietal selection programme for commercial breeding. All chrysanthemum varieties were analyzed by using two parameters e.g. morphological and molecular parameters. After molecular characterization phylogenetic relationship among all selected varieties was accessed through computer based software DNAMAN that allows the breeder to choose the parentage which is most reliable for the selection of clones before breeding activities.For morphological characterization the plant...

The purpose of this research was to increase the shelf life of mango by using gamma radiation Co 60 source retaining the nutritional composition of mango. Sindhri variety of mango was collected from wholesale market of Lahore to check the effect of gamma radiations on mango. Mangoes were radiated at PARAS Lahore. The doses used for gamma radiation were 0.5 kGy, 1kGy and 1.5 kGy to check the moisture, fat, carbohydrates, protein, ash and fiber contents of mango. Results showed positive effect on export rate of mangoes of Pakistan and minimum loss of nutritional values. It is concluded that...

In the present study a comparison was made between different extractions methods for anticancer drug Vinblastine from Catharanthus roseus. Extraction was carried out by using two different methods i.e., Microwave Assisted Extraction (MAE) and Soxhlet Extraction using ethanol and a few drops of conc. HCl as an extracting solvent. Estimation of Vinblastine was done by using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) by using acetonitrile as mobile phase. Microwave assisted extraction was proved to be a better approach for rapid and efficient extraction of Vinblastine from plant material. It...

There is a great loss of vegetables during harvestiong and post harvest treatments. Most of this loss is caused by the microflora present on their surface which lead towards various diseases and their hilarious growth ultimately tend them towards their complete rottening or decay. Carrots being an important vegetable comprising a variety of vitamins and compounds necessary for human health are considered to be vital for normal growth of the body. Likewise other vegetables their great loss is due to a wide range of microbes present on their surface. This book explains about the use of...

Potato has a problem of sprouting that result in decreasing the export value of this crop. Gamma radiation is an effective means of sterilization that result in reduced microbial load of the crop which is responsible of decay of crop after harvest. However, there are concerns that may be this treatment result in the loss of nutritional value of the crop. the present study highlights the potential of gamma radiation in shelf life enhancement of potato.

The peach is indigenous to China and reached the world by the route of Persia therefore its Latin name means "Persian plum." It is considered as a symbol of Immortality and Friendship. It is the second most vital stone fruit in Pakistan. Its harvest season is from May to September. The book "Sensory Evaluation and Proximate Analysis of Peach" shows the information based on experiment to increase the Shelf life and Nutritional Quality of Peach by using Gamma Radiation Cobalt-60. The book covers different topics from the production of Peaches Worldwide to Modern Processing Techniques that are...

Precise overview about surgical infections and how to eradicate risk by using well sterilized sutures which are used for healing wounds. The best methods of sterilization for surgical instruments and sutures. An easy way to safe surgery. Optimization of correct and useful gamma dose for sterilization, its importance, disadvantages, risks related to it and how to make this method safe. Best suture materials to be used. Modern use of sutures and its safe implementation during surgery and wound healing.