Thermodynamics is a macroscopic science concerned with properties such as pressure, temperature, chemical potential, and volume. Unlike quantum mechanics, thermodynamics is not based on a specific molecular model and therefore it is unexpected by our changing concepts of atoms and molecules. Indeed, the major foundations of thermodynamics were laid long before detailed atomic theories became available. On the negative side, equations derived from laws of thermodynamics do not provide us with a molecular interpretation of complex phenomena. Although thermodynamics helps us predict the...

This book contains twelve chapters. Chapters one and two introduces UVR radiation, chapters three to eight covers various aspects of protective coating materials, while chapter nine discusses Sol gel technique and Sol gel chemistry. Chapter ten and eleven discusses coatings on glass and plastics while chapter twelve introduces Silver nano particles for use in UV protective coating material development. Performance, characterization and fabrication of protective coats using novel modern techniques is also discussed in this edition.