The field of solid modeling has developed a variety of techniques for unambiguous representations of three-dimensional objects. Feature recognition is a sub-discipline of solid modeling that focuses on the design and implementation of algorithms for detecting manufacturing information from solid models produced by computer-aided design (CAD) systems. Examples of this manufacturing information include features such as holes, slots, pockets, steps and other shapes that can be created on modern computer numerically controlled machining systems. Feature recognition has been an interesting...

Friction welding(FW) is a fairly recent technique that utilizes a non-consumable welding tool to generate frictional heat and plastic deformation at the welding location, there by affecting the formation of a joint while the material is in solid state. The principal advantage of frictional welding, being a solid state process, low distortion, absence of melt-related defects and high joint strength, even in those alloys that are that are considered non-weldable by conventional welding techniques. The technique can produce joints utilizing equipment based on traditional machine tool...