Deterioration of male reproductive health is one of the rising problems in the recent past. Many reproductive malformations including retention of nipples, abnormal sexual behavior, birth defects, decreased spermatogenesis, reduced gonad weights and sub-fertility/ infertility have been reported in laboratory animals and wildlife exposed to endocrine disrupting chemicals. It has been reported that many pollutants act as endocrine disrupting chemicals and capable of affecting reproduction. It is also believed that, reproductive disorders are thought to originate in developing stages of the...

Aflatoxins are toxic metabolites produced mainly by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus and naturally occurring contaminants of food. Aflatoxin poisoning is a recurrent public health problem. Acute exposure to high levels of aflatoxins causes aflatoxicosis and chronic exposure to low levels of aflatoxins is one of the major risk factors in the etiology of carcinoma in several regions of the world including India. More than 5 billion people in developing countries are at risk of chronic exposure to naturally occurring aflatoxins. The International Agency for Research on Cancer...

Phytoestrogens are found in fruits, vegetables, grains and nuts and most abundant in soybeans. Phytoestrogen intake as food or dietary supplements, in particular soya products has been increased because of their pivotal role in prevention and treatment of hormone-dependent cancers, cardiovascular diseases, osteoporosis, and age-related diseases. According to the report published by the United Soybean Board in 2009, 84% of US consumers perceive soy as healthy diet and 32% deliberately consume soy products at least once in a month. Dietary consumption of phytoestrogens is a matter of...