The extensive applications of organophosphorous herbicides are nowadays integral part of modern agrotechnical methods due to their advantages for weeds control. Herbicides may negatively or positively interact with soil microorganisms and consequently reduce or increase their beneficial effects on soil fertility. The effect of herbicides on soil microorganisms varies with chemical composition and the susceptibility of different microorganisms. The observed increased biodegradation of pesticides after repeated application is due to the selection of pesticide degrading microorganisms....

Pesticides have been used in industrial and military sector, medical vector control, urban environment and agriculture which represent the largest single market for pesticides. Unfortunately, with the benefits of these synthetic organic chemicals have also come many troubles, some so dangerous that they now threaten the survival of major ecosystems by disruption of predator-prey relationships and loss of biodiversity. In addition, pesticides cause significant human health consequences. Currently there are a number of possible mechanisms for the clean-up of pesticides in soil, such as chemical...