Interpretation of the load test results rely on predicting the failure load or limit load by applying mathematical or graphical techniques is important in geotechnical engineering field in order to applying a proper factor of safety to get the pile working load.Hence it is important to determine the ultimate or limit load as accurately as possible. So reliable assessment of soil behaviour in element tests or physical models requires accurate measurement of deformations and strains. This book presents a close photogrammetric technique and Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) were employed to...