Ischemic heart disease leads to the malfunctioning of the affected tissue. Stem cell transplantation near the ischemic tissue is a possible therapeutic approach to regenerate the fibrotic tissue. The ischemic or fibrotic tissue is not able to supply the nutrients and oxygen to the transplanted cells. Therefore, the transplanted cells start to die within hours after transplantation. The ischemic and apoptotic hostile microenvironment also contributes to slow down the healing process. Strategies to enhance endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) survival after transplantation in the ischemic...