This book focuses on the accountability of the United Nations Relief and Works Agency (UNRWA) as the key provider of services to Palestinian refugees. The key finding here lies in the existence of a two-sided accountability problem, referred to as the Palestinian dilemma: on the one hand, the long route of accountability, connecting recipients to providers through policymakers, is blocked by flawed information of refugees on the Agency, and by a structure-induced lack of motivation of the provider to orient itself to beneficiaries. On the other hand, the short route, directly linking...