Non Communicable Diseases are currently the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the in the world. Their risk factors are smoking, excessive alcohol intake, physical inactivity, poor diet and psychosocial stress among others. Psychosocial stress induces release of noradrenaline which binds to 1 and -adrenergic receptors, leading to the recruitment G proteins which activate Ras via phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and subsequently its effector kinase Raf. Raf phosphorylates mitogen extracellular kinases -1 and -2. Additionally, Ras directly induce p38-MAPK activation. Activated MAPKs...