This book deals with the basic concepts of GIS and optimization. It provides an overview of various integration protocols that are termed GIS-O integration strategies applied to practical applications. It also develops an integration approach for the vehicle routing problem with resource and distance requirements and approves it with numerical results. The book will be useful for researchers, decision makers, and practitioners who try to implement upgraded systems that derive benefits of both GIS and optimization.

"This book presents a thorough overview of the latest developments in effective management techniques for collecting, processing, analyzing, and utilizing geographical data and information, highlighting theoretical frameworks and relevant applications"--