Type 2 diabetes has been a 61% increase in incidence between 1990 and 2001 in the USA. There are 1.5 million new cases per year. Poorly-controlled diabetes that is characterized with increased glycated hemoglobin, HbA1c>8%, is increasing world wide, and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) affects a substantial number of pregnancies, which complicates 7% of all pregnancies. Substantial evidence from studies support the dietary fiber and types of carbohydrate (glycemic index and load) impact on postprandial glucose and insulin responses. High carbohydrate intake recommended in diabetes,...