The relation of faith and history is the central issue in theology. This is why nothing should be claimed for theology that is not also history. Since the early apologists in the second century, Christian theology largely assumed the events of biblical history were to be taken at face-value. With the rise of the modern historical con-sciousness theology could no longer be naive about what counts as his-tory. One of the challenges was the application of modern historical criticism to the Bible. Modern theology sought to address this problem largely by assuming a fact-value dichotomy. This...