Typically in the pharmaceutical industry, drug products exist in two dosage forms, solid and liquid dosage forms. Included in solid dosage forms are tablets, pellets, pills, beads, spherules, etc. These solid dosage forms are often coated for various reasons, such as odor or taste masking, prevention from moisture, light and/or air, protection from destruction by gastric acid or gastric enzymes, enhanced mechanical strength, aesthetics or controlled release including controlling release sites and/or release rate.

Advancements of genomics, nanotechnology and biochemistry bring about new opportunities and challenges for drug discovery and development. Recent developments in nanotechnology have made it possible to obtain a new class of highly fluorescent homogeneous semiconductor nanocrystals termed "quantum dots''(QDs). Since 1998, quantum dots have been first demonstrated capable of labeling specific components of cells and tracing proteins within cells in biomedicine. Recently, the investigations of quantum dots in the biomedicine have developed rapidly. Quantum dots are very stable light emitters,...