Surveys dealing with multiple observations spread over time are defined as longitudinal surveys. When one is concerned about estimates of population sub-groups in longitudinal surveys, particularly the pattern of changes at individual level as well as aggregate level over time, the techniques of small areas estimation (SAE) can possibly be employed to achieve the above goal. In this book, it has been attempted to propose methodology for estimation of population parameters in longitudinal surveys with special reference to small area and study the temporal patterns of changes in population...