Air pollution in the cities can be attributed to incomplete combustion of fuel and use of badly and not properly maintained vehicles. Plants growing in such polluted environment or close to busy roads are found highly affected due to vehicular exhaust emission. The phenology, periodicity and productivity of plants growing close to the busy roads are highly affected. The problematic areas of toxic effects of hydrocarbon, oxides of nitrogen & sulfur, CO, particulate matter, heavy metals and specially lead and cadmium are highly toxic for normal growth of plants reported. The toxicity and...