This pharmacognostical study includes 1- Isolation and structure elucidation of different compounds from the fruits and rhizomes of Juncus acutus L. family Juncaceae Growing in Egypt. 2- Characterization of the volatile constituents of the leaves and rhizomes of J. acutus L. 3- Evaluations of the antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory activities of crude extracts and some of the isolated compounds of J. acutus L. 4- Comprative botanical study of the roots, rhizomes, stems, leaves, inflorescences and fruits of J. acutus L. and J. rigidus C. A. Mey.