Electricity transmission began with direct current. In 1880, Edison patented the first DC distribution system. That DC system was vital to broaden the use of his most famous invention, the electric lamp. However, at that time, low-voltage DC was proven inefficient. Despite the success of AC systems, the efforts for the development of practical high-voltage direct current transmission (HVDC) continued. The first HVDC transmission system was built in Sweden, in 1954, using mercury-arc valves. Nowadays, modern voltage-source converters (VSC) have smaller space requirements and improved...

In the next years, several offshore wind farms will be installed all over Europe. Due to the technologic advantages that voltage-source converters have when compared to other available options, there is a strong possibility that this will be the technology chosen to connect offshore wind farms. Such assumption intensifies the need of studying and simulating the control methods for these systems. Therefore, the purpose of this work is to present and explain all the models that are needed to simulate, with the necessary detail, the electric systems of the offshore wind farms, the high-voltage...