Turtle is aquatic or semi-aquatic animal with webbed feet. Tortoise is terrestrial animal with clubbed feet, domed shell and generally inhabiting warmer regions. Terrapin is a turtle living in fresh or brackish water. The term originally referred to the diamondback terrapin, Malaclemys terrapin. Each spring female turtles must find a suitable location to dig a nest and lay eggs and leaves them to develop and hatch on their own. During the weeks of incubation, many eggs are dug up and eaten by predators or succumb to disease. There is a marked contrast to box turtles and tortoise species,...

The Naran and Kaghan Valleys are more prominent among all the tourism spots due to its compositions of allurements. Tourists not only from abroad but different corners of the country always come to see these beautiful Valleys. The Kaghan Valley's remote mountains, dales, lakes, waterfalls, streams, and glaciers remain in a pristine state, some within Lulusar-Dudipatsar National Park. The Valley is a prime destination during summer, from May through September. In May, the temperature ranges between a maximum of 11 C (52 F) and a minimum of 3 C (37 F). From the middle of July to the end of...

Recent trend for the control of insect pests has been towards the use of substances of plant origin. Toxicity and residual effects of the yellow-berried nightshade, Solanum surrattense Burm. leaves extract were determined against adults of red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) by contact/filter paper method under laboratory condition. The lowest mortality 15% was observed at the minimum dose 2.4 μl/cm2 and the highest 100% was observed at the maximum 16.8 μl/cm2 after 24 h. The LD50 of S. surrattense was found 8.02 μl/cm2. Finally, residual effect of the same plant...