The proceedings of the 'Theory and Method in Archaeology of the Neolithic (7th - 3rd millennium BC)' conference held in Mikulov, Czech Republic, October 2010. Contents: Preface (Jan Kolar and Frantisek Trampota); 1) Explaining Cultural Elaboration in the Middle and Late Linear Pottery Culture: Application of the Waste Hypothesis (Mateusz Krupski); 2) New Approaches to the Reconstruction of Kinship and Social Structure Based on Bioarchaeological Analysis of Neolithic Multiple and Collective Graves (Christian Meyer, Robert Ganslmeier, Veit Dresely, Kurt W. Alt); 3) Secondary Mortuary Practices...