Since our enemies are unable to defeat the U.S. Army through conventional means, they engage in sophisticated hybrid forms of warfare to exploit our vulnerabilities and threaten our national security. Because today's improvised explosive devices (IED) are not fueled by traditional military explosive materials, they avoid detection by traditional explosive detection technologies. These led to the need for military organizations and civilian agencies to research and quickly deploy new systems to counter the asymmetric IED threats. Through exploitation of IEDs, military organizations and...

By its very nature, was is a highly complex affair with a virtually infinite number of variables. Conducted in a dynamic environment by human beings, themselves infinitely variable in personality and intellect, war is played out on the three-dimensional chessboard of terrain. That war is also highly emotional makes it especially difficult to replicate through theoretical formulations because the human variables are impossible to isolate and quantify exactly. Yet soldiers who are charged with the conduct of war must continually strive in peacetime to prepare themselves to wage it successfully....

This handbook is the standard for all U.S. Forces occupying base camp facilities (e.g., Main Base Camps, Forward Operating Bases and Outposts) in contingency operations where USAREUR has been designated as having Title X responsibility. The intent is to provide personnel with adequate living and working facilities, while being good stewards to taxpayer dollars. This Red Book outlines master planning, housing, unit facilities, utilities, service member support, and facility maintenance standards for all bases. It is essential that commanders at all levels ensure these quality of life standards...

This second of three volumes on the history of operations research identifies, describes, and evaluates the ideas, people, organizations, and events that influenced the development of ORSA in the Army from the inauguration of President Kennedy in 1961 to the withdrawal of U.S. forces from Vietnam in 1973.

In 1975, U.S. Army Center of Military History commissioned a report on the History of Strategic Air and Ballistic Missile Defense, Volume I (1945-1955) and Volume II (1956-1972), which was part of a larger study of the strategic arms competition that developed between the United States and the Soviet Union after World War II. The report addresses each country's approach to civil defense against the threat from the air and each country's emphasis on specific elements of air defense strategy at various periods between 1945 and 1972. Two central questions concerned the U.S. and Soviet defense...

In 1975, U.S. Army Center of Military History commissioned a report on the History of Strategic Air and Ballistic Missile Defense, Volume I (1945-1955) and Volume II (1956-1972), which was part of a larger study of the strategic arms competition that developed between the United States and the Soviet Union after World War II. The report addresses each country's approach to civil defense against the threat from the air and each country's emphasis on specific elements of air defense strategy at various periods between 1945 and 1972. Two central questions concerned the U.S. and Soviet defense...

Operation URGENT FURY: The Invasion of Grenada, October 1983, prepared by Richard W. Stewart, is an edited extract of Center historian Edgar Raines' larger account of U.S. Army operations on Grenada entitled The Rucksack War: U.S. Army Operational Logistics in Grenada, October-November 1983. The brochure tells the story of the U.S. Army's "no-notice" joint force contingency operation on the island of Grenada. Because of a deteriorating political situation on Grenada after the deposing and execution of the leader of the government by its own military, the perceived need to deal firmly with...

Operation JUST CAUSE, one of the shortest armed conflicts in American military history, is also one of the most relevant to irregular missions facing today's soldiers. R. Cody Phillips in trenchant prose discusses the extraordinarily complex U.S. military intervention into Panama in December 1989, covering the strategic setting and salient operational details and concluding with a summary and analysis. On 15 December Panamanian dictator General Manuel Antonio Noriega, already under indictment for international drug trafficking, announced a state of war with the United States. Given the threat...