Cigarette smoking is the most important preventable cause of morbidity and mortality. It is the single most important and modifiable factor responsible for cases of lung cancer, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases. Malignant and premalignant oral lesions alike have been associated with cigarette smoking. Most adults and adolescents are aware that tobacco use jeopardizes their health but may not realize how great the risk is compared with other behaviors that are considered risky. This book extensively deals with the ill-effects of smoking on oral and systemic health. This book...

Change in color of oral mucosa reflects the underlying health status which is either local or systemic. This change in color is brought about by pigmentation, which could be physiological or pathological. Pigmentation in pathological conditions range from localized anomalies of limited significance to a potentially life threatening disease. Since the dental professionals encounter a number of pigmented conditions in the oral cavity, it is important to have a thorough knowledge about their etiology, clinical manifestations, and their management.