Ethiopia has one of the highest infant and under five mortality rates. Appropriate childcare practice has a great potential to reduce the occurrence of those life-threatening conditions. Data were collected from 853 mothers in the two communities. Breast-feeding was practiced by 769 (93.6%) of all respondents. Almost all (99.8%) mothers from the indigenous communities initiate breastfeeding within one day as compared to 67.1% of mothers from the migrant communities. Colostrums squeezing and pre lacteal feeding were more practiced by the migrant community than the indigenous...