For many years, the explicit personalitythat part of which the person is awarehas dominated the realm of personality assessment. Until now, the implicit personalitythe unconscious, inaccessible, hidden reserve of motives and needs explored by Freud, Jung, Rorschach, and othershas been difficult to measure. Yet most psychologists have also concluded that both components of personality govern different behaviors, and their interplay may explain a variety of hitherto unexamined behaviors. In what Drew Westen has called the explosion of empirical studies of unconscious cognitive processes, new,...