FOR DECADES, ATHLETES HAVE BEEN A TARGET for companies selling everything from banned substances to several worthless nutritional products with the hope they will make the di erence between winning and losing. At the expense of being misled, athletes have su ered irreparable damage from steroids and hormones as well as the side e ects experienced from stimulants and tainted dietary supplements. In addition, the tremendous stress of strenuous exercise and its contribution to oxidative stress, in ammation, fatigue, muscle damage and transient immune suppression sets the stage for viewing the...

FOR DECADES, ATHLETES HAVE BEEN A TARGET for companies selling everything from banned substances to several worthless nutritional products with the hope they will make the di erence between winning and losing. At the expense of being misled, athletes have su ered irreparable damage from steroids and hormones as well as the side e ects experienced from stimulants and tainted dietary supplements. In addition, the tremendous stress of strenuous exercise and its contribution to oxidative stress, in ammation, fatigue, muscle damage and transient immune suppression sets the stage for viewing the...