In many areas of human endeavor, the systems involved are not available for direct measurement. Instead, by combining mathematical models for a system's evolution with partial observations of its evolving state, we can make reasonable inferences about it. The increasing complexity of the modern world makes this analysis and synthesis of high-volume data an essential feature in many real-world problems.
The celebrated Kalman-Bucy filter, designed for linear dynamical systems with linearly structured measurements, is the most famous Bayesian filter. Its generalizations to nonlinear systems...