United States submarines compiled a tremendous record of achievement during World War II, but they paid heavily for their successes. A total of 52 submarines were lost, including 48 sunk directly or indirectly by enemy action. The personnel losses - 374 officers and 3,131 operational enlisted men - represented 16 percent of the officers and 13 percent of the enlisted men in the "silent service." Although relatively meager compared to Germanys losses of 700 to 800 subs and the 128 lost by Japan, this roll call of honor was still higher than that for other types of Allied ships. Three valuable...