This collection of eleven essays deals with Lenin's life in western European emigration in the years before the First World War. The first five essays explore Lenin's efforts to build a purely Bolshevik Party through the creation of a unique school for underground workers outside of Paris, his schismatic machinations in calling the 1912 Prague Conference, his problematic relations with the new Bolshevik daily 'Pravda', his unsuccessful attempt to call a party congress in 1914, and his defeat at the Brussels 'Unity' Conference summoned by the International Socialist Bureau on the eve of the...