The growing need to counter improvised explosive devices prompted the resurgence of explosive detection military working dogs in the theater of war and furthered the need for an off-leash requirement in order to increase standoff distance from an unexploded device to allied patrols in the area. History has provided a plethora of evidence to support continued research in the military working dog community to enable Combatant Commander's the ability to have a mission ready canine force available to counter emerging threats before casualties are incurred. This book explains why it is necessary,...

The Government of Nigeria's corruption and failure to address its people's grievances combined with the regional wave of Islamic extremism is fueling the rise of a strengthening insurgency called Boko Haram. Boko Haram's efforts have been steadily increasing in scale, though the majority of its actions are in Northeastern Nigeria. This book takes a "Red Team" approach and proposes three lines of effort for a campaign plan that would give Boko Haram the ability to achieve its objective of separating the North of Nigeria from the South. The first line of effort is to secure funding by...

Despite assertions to the contrary, the violence, drug trafficking and lawlessness that we see in northern Mexico does not constitute on insurgency. Drug cartels have no ideology beyond profit, no political aspirations other than to be left alone, and no popular support beyond that which can be purchased with money or intimidation. They are classic criminal organizations. A counterinsurgency strategy based on the now-famous Field Manual 3-24, written under the auspices of then-LTGs David Petraeus and James Mattis in 2006, is therefore inappropriate for Mexico. Some COIN principles and...

The prosperity of a nation is directly linked to the education of its population. An educated population has the knowledge base and skill necessary to translate its country's natural wealth (people, land, resources) into material wealth (economic strength and competitiveness). In Nigeria, this link is missing, undermined by rampant corruption at all levels of its educational system. The most damaging aspect of corruption is the amount of money lost through practices such as embezzlement. To prevent such losses, this book recommends that the Government of Nigeria undertake a comprehensive...

This book examines the U.S. law regarding use of the U.S. Armed Forces in domestic affairs. A brief scenario involving a terrorist attack using a weapon of mass destruction introduces an example of the dangers inherent in the use of military forces to regain or maintain public law and order. The discussion of U.S. law begins with the history of Posse Comitatus and proceeds through the passage of the Homeland Security Act of 2002. The Department of Homeland Security was created by this law and a subsequent action of establishing a unified commander with geographic responsibilities for the...

China's recent military modernization has fundamentally altered Taiwan's security options. New Chinese submarines, advanced surface-to-air missiles, and, especially, short-range ballistic and land-attack cruise missiles have greatly reduced Taiwan's geographic advantage. Taipei can no longer expect to counter Chinese military strengths in a symmetrical manner, with Patriot interceptors, diesel submarines, surface warships, F-16 fighters, and P-3 maritime patrol aircraft. Taiwan must therefore rethink and redesign its defense strategy, emphasizing the asymmetrical advantage of being the...

Due to global warming, the polar icepack which covers the Arctic Sea is melting. One of the very likely results of this environmental phenomenon is the year-round opening of the Arctic maritime sea routes. The strategic and operational implications for U.S. national and military security strategies would be significant. These routes would connect the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, and provide both alternate and shorter maritime routes for U.S. force projection and strategic agility. Inter-theater movement of forces over the top of the world would provide a supported combatant commander both...