Leopard (Panthera pardus) management in India is facing many challenges. Leopards have highly diversified diets and are extremely adaptable to various ecological conditions. This versatility allows them to thrive in a broad range of habitats, often bordering human settlements. In recent years the presence of leopards has been increasing in a wide range of rural and even built-up environments, far removed from natural habitats and protected areas. Although leopards have shown a remarkable ability to live relatively peacefully close to people, conflicts can and do occur, with leopards killing...

National Tiger conservation Authority under MOEF, Government of India, in its guideline has emphasized the concept of core - buffer zonation in every Tiger reserve. The 2006 amendment in wildlife (protection) act 1972, for the first time, has defined "core" and "buffer" areas of a tiger reserve, the former being the critical or inviolate area and later, the peripheral area to foster co existence with local people for safeguarding the integrity of the core. Since Buffer Zone is supposed to be a human dominated landscape, its very much important to have a strong management plan for conservation...