Bacteriocins are proteins or peptides that are naturally produced by various bacterial strains including lactic acid bacteria (LAB). They show antibactericidal or antibacteriostatic activity against closely-related microorganisms. One advantage of bacteriocins is that they are hydrolyzed by proteolytic enzymes during the digestion of foods containing them. This does not allow their accumulation in human bodies or their inhibition of beneficial bacteria in the gut. The toxicity of high concentrations of bacteriocins are very limited, if any. LAB are known to synthesize several bacteriocin...

High solar intensity levels across Qatar show that solar energy can be utilized to generate some of the Electric Power needs by the country. Thermal concentrated solar power can be used. Direct solar irradiance is utilized to produce heat which is then used to generate electric power. This mature commercial technology is ready for implementation. Qatar National Food Security Program (QNFSP) is planning to use solar energy to produce the energy required for generating its needed Desalted seawater (DW). In support of these efforts, Qatar environment and energy research institute (QEERI) is...