1 The Third International OPAALS Conference was an opportunity to explore and discuss digital ecosystem research issues as well as emerging and future trends in the field. The conference was organized by IPTI - Instituto de Pesquisas em Tecnologia e Inovacao (www. ipti. org. br). IPTI is a member of the OPAALS Framework P- gramme 7 Network of Excellence, which is led by the London School of Economics and Political Science. OPAALS is a multi-disciplinary research network of excellence for developing the science and technology behind digital ecosystems. The conference was held within the scope...