This book consists of four discrete
studies. The first study deals with the development of a
multi-echelon simulation model. It is demonstrated that
design parameter values that give very poor dynamics across
the whole supply chain do not necessarily yield poor
dynamics within a single echelon, so it is essential to
consider the whole supply chain when setting parameter
values. The second study deals with order batching. It is
found that the relationship between batch size and demand
...

Pakistan is in the race of economic development like other developing countries, and has consumed a lot amount of energy to run her economic cycle. Almost 54% out of total primary energy consumption depends on oil and gas, which contributes more CO2 emission after coal in environment. Therefore, energy consumption is the major cause of environmental pollution. The government of Pakistan like that of other developing countries would never think to mitigate the climate change at the expense of its economic growth. This issue is more sensitive in nature that is going to explore the relationship...