Australia produces approximately 40% of
the worlds bauxite and over 30% of the worlds alumina.
Each year, about 25 million tonnes of bauxite residue is
produced in Australia, requiring storage and maintenance.
The construction and operation of such large impoundment
areas is costly. During the extraction of alumina from
bauxite ore using the Bayer process, a fine residue is
produced called Red Mud. In West Australia, Darling Range
bauxite deposits contain high levels of quartz which result
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This research aimed to study on the characteristics of base course materials and to determine reliable mathematical material models for the improvement in the current pavement design criteria. In this study, there were two relevant factors of both pavement materials which are considered in order to fulfil a lack of understanding in realistic conditions in pavements of the current pavement design. 1) The material strength which indicates the limitation and stability of pavement materials under traffic loads. This study defined the limitation of material implementation and also...