Advances in axon biology are so rapid that every year provides us with a wealth of new facts and observations; hence, this conference cannot reasonable be expected to answer all questions. Rather, its purpose must be to take stock of the available data, to communicate advances and new concepts, and to help us to formulate the goals and approaches for future research. To this end, ample time was allotted during the symposium for discussion, but these exchanges of thoughts cannot, unfortunately, be included in the printed text. We hope that publication of the presentations will provide a...