Limited English Proficiency (LEP) rates among students in public schools grew by nearly 50% between 1991 and 2005. Much of this increase is driven by a similar increase in the percentage of school-enrolled, school-aged children who spoke a foreign language at home over that time period. However, school districts also receive increased funding when they identify a student as LEP and there is no one definition of what makes a student LEP. Thus, schools may overidentify students to maximize their funding. Previous researchers have found that fiscal incentives lead to higher rates of special...