Use of bolted flanged pipe joints is very common in petrochemical, nuclear and process industry. Welding of pipe to flange results in residual stress built up and distortions which provide negative effects on the structural integrity and sealing capability of the pipe-flange joint. The effects include stress corrosion cracking, brittle fracture, reduced fatigue and creep strengths, poor sealing performance and reduced buckling strength etc. This book presents methodology to investigate the extent and distribution of residual stress built up and distortions in the welded pipe-flange joints...

This book is devoted to small hydropower systems of capacity ranging from hundred watts to hundred kilo watts and is named as micro-hydropower systems. Micro-hydropower systems contain a number of devices including turbines, generators, voltage converters/inverters, voltage and frequency regulators etc used for the conversion of hydropower into electricity of standard voltage and frequency. Development and implementation of micro-hydropower systems is possible in many countries that have some hydropower resources. Micro-hydropower systems would be very useful especially in mountain...

Optimization is the act of obtaining the best result under given circumstances. In design, construction, and maintenance of any engineering system, engineers have to take many technological and managerial decisions at every stage. The ultimate goal of all such decisions is either to minimize the efforts required or to maximize the desired benefit. Effort required or the benefit desired in any practical situation can be expressed as a function of certain decision variables. This book therefore provides the ground rules in understanding the techniques and methodologies, complete with case...

Tarbela dam is one of the largest earth filled dam in the world used for power generation and irrigation purposes. Like all reservoirs the sediments inflow in the Tarbela reservoir has also resulted in reduction in water storage capacity and is also causing damage to the tunnels, the power generating units and ultimately to the plant equipment. This book is a starting effort in the modeling, simulation and analysis of Tarbela Dam infrastructure. Detailed simulation results highlight the critical areas for damage and ultimately the life prediction of the reservoir in terms of its...