EXPLORING MODES OF PARTICIPATION National political parties control and support a federation of local parties in all American states. The duties of American political parties cannot be completed solely by their central offices in Washington, D.C., thus this is where my research begins. In this book, I examine the political participation of Republican Party members in the State of Colorado. Specifically, I look at what methods of fundraising are more effective at encouraging people to go beyond a basic level of participation such as voting and proceed to a higher level such as contributing...

This book contains 15 fully peer-reviewed Invited Papers which were presented at the 13^th Biennial European Conference on Fracture and is a companion to the CD-ROM http: //www.elsevier.com/locate/isbn/008043701xProceedings.
The organisers of the ECF 13 opted from the very beginning for an application-orientated conference, and consequently, this book contributes to the understanding of fracture phenomena, and disseminates fracture concepts and their application to the solution of engineering problems to practitioners in a wide range of fields.
The fields covered in this...