Liberal democratic citizenship was traditionally viewed as giving equal legal status to all citizens, irrespective of their race, religion, ethnicity, culture or language. The goal was to treat all citizens equally, exactly the same, regardless of their individual characteristics. In recent years, political theorists such as Charles Taylor, Will Kymlicka, Yael Tamir, and Iris Marion Young have challenged this view, arguing that liberal democracies such as Canada and the United States discriminate against cultural minorities and such states must adopt a policy of actively recognizing and...