Recently, the Southern upland of Vietnam has rapidly transformed due to the implementation of a series of institutional reforms, natural conservation and development programs. Research findings show that in response to impacts of institutional reforms and development programs, local people have tended to diversify their livelihood strategies, but their patterns of livelihood diversification are various and highly dependent on their background and benefits gained from such policies. Moreover, villagers have also developed new coping strategies and long-term social engagements to respond to the...