Chlorfluazuron was applied topically to newly
moulted fifth-instars, a significant reduction in
both number of eggs laid and subsequent hatching was
observed after mating. Number of unfertilized eggs
was greater than those were fertilized, but
significantly more unfertilized eggs laid by treated
insects. Interference by chlorfluazuron, transferred
by copulation through sperm fluids or ova, appeared
improbable. Injection of haemolymph of moths
resulted in increased in oviposition within first 24
h. Two factors were involved in activation of
ovipositon: OSF-I was found in virgin...

A study was aimed to determine the threats and protection of a beauty of Indus River, Indus River dolphin Platanista minor Owen, throughout its range in N-WFP. A survey was conducted in an area of 103.5 km including Indus and its tributaries in March 2007. The best group size was estimated an abundance of 54 dolphins. Approximately 53.7% (1.07 dolphin/km) of its population occurred in 27 km from Miran onward to Ramak; however, 38.9% (0.46 dolphin/km) in 46 km from D.I.Khan Bridge to Miran, moreover, 7.4% (0.13 dolphin/km) in 30.5 km from Saggu, near Meetapur-village to D.I.Khan...

A study was aimed to overlook on egg
hatching, diet and diseases of Captive Cranes, in N-WFP,
Pakistan. Field survey, questionnaire and interview with
communities were the tools for the data collection. Total
165 and 85 camps were visited, respectively, in fall 2006
and spring, 2007. The numbers of hunters 1650 have 6600
Demoiselle and 3300 Common Captive Cranes in Bannu and
Lakki. From 920 breeding pairs,900 eggs were obtained, from
which only 640 were hatched. Among natural foods the
...

Infestation and identification of prevalent genera of Ixodid ticks in farm animals and traditional control at two districts of Northern Pakistan were studied. Data was collected from field/farm visited and interviewing farmers. Identification of Ixidid ticks was carried out in Department of Zoology. A total of 992 animals including 435 buffaloes, 315 cattle, 147 goats, 38 camels, 33 sheep, and 24 donkeys were studied. The animals, in order of decreasing susceptibility and infestation rate, were: 35.87%(cows)> 28.9% (camel)> 27.3% (sheep)> 24.13% (buffalo)> 23.13% (goat)> 4.2%...

Ticks are blood feeding external parasites of mammals, birds, and reptiles throughout the world. Ticks appear to avoid direct contact with water. All general-purpose operating systems (GPOSs) use periodic clock interrupts called "ticks" to regain control and measure the passage of time. An idle "crippled" laptop (disconnected from its screen and hard disk) consumes 4W due to ticks, and more, for increased tick rates. Twelve species of ticks are known to occur in Ohio. The brown dog tick, Rhipicephalus sanguineus, is the only species that can become established as a pest in homes and kennels....

The highest prevalence (12%) of Hyalomma ticks and the lowest prevalence (3.1%) of Rhipicephalus was recorded in cattles from Rawalpindi, Multan, Lahore, Pakistan. In Layyah and Muzaffargarh of lower Punjab, Pakistan, the highest prevalence of tick infestation was found in sheep (75.1%) followed in order by goat (51.6%) and buffaloes (40.08%). Hyalomma anatolicum was the most abundant followed by Rhipicephalus sanguineus. Three species of bacteria viz. Staphylococcus pyogenes, Pasteurella multocida and Brucella abortus were isolated from different spaecies of ticks parasitizing...

Interspecific crosses provide a bridge by which the gene pool of rice can be increased. Attempts have been made to visualize the genomic constitution of wide-cross derivatives. Genomic in situ hybridization Oryza australiensis chromosomes and introgressed segment from O. australiensis into the Oryza sativa background have been detected. The genomic relationship between Oryza sativa (2n=24 AA) and Oryza australinesis (2n = 24 EE) these two species was assessed by using three strategies: genomic in situ hybridization (GISH), meiotic chromosome pairing, pollen and spikelet sterility. ...

The first evidence that the evolution of A. marginale was linked to ecological traits affecting tick vector performance. Some A. marginale strains have evolved under conditions that support pathogen biological transmission by R. microplus, under different ecological traits which affect performance of R. microplus populations. The evolution of other A. marginale strains may be linked to transmission by other tick species or to mechanical transmission in regions where R. microplus is currently eradicated. The information derived from this study is fundamental toward understanding the...

The present study was conducted in Karak area to know about the average production of honey per colony. The minimum production of honey per colony was 2 kg while the maximum production of honey per colony was 20 kg in district Karak area. Four types of honey bees are found. These are Apis mellifera, A. dorseta, A. cerana and A. florae. The A. dorseta is the largest bee and black in color. The roduction of honey of this bee is good. They produce 30-40 kg of honey per colony in single year but the quality of the honey is inferior. The A. cerana commonly called Indian bee or khong bee, median in...

Using a mathematical model parameterized by recently collected data on bee viruses, the relationship between the mite load in a colony and the possibility of a virus epidemic occurring within a bee colony was investigated. Transmission mechanisms of six honeybee viruses, including acute bee paralysis virus, black queen cell virus, chronic bee paralysis virus, deformed wing virus, Kashmir bee virus, and sacbrood bee virus, in honeybee colonies by reverse transcription-PCR methods. The presence of viruses in the tissue of ovaries, queens' eggs and young larvae suggest vertical transmission of...