Annual Review of Nano Research, Volume 3 focuses mainly on nanofabrication, nanomaterials and nanostructures, and energy application of nanomaterials. All the review chapters are contributed by well-published scientists and bring the most recent advancement in selected topics to the readers. This review volume will serve dual purposes: either as an excellent introduction to scientists whose expertise lie in different fields but who are interested in learning about nanotechnology, or as a quick reference for experts active in the field of nanoscience and nanotechnology.