Since the late 1960s, Turkey has been confronted with numerous terrorist activities from various groups, including radical leftists, ethnic separatists, and religious organizations. The most challenging terrorist organization that Turkey has struggled against, however, is the ethnic separatist group known as the PKK (Kurdistan Workers Party or "Partiya Karkeren Kurdistan"). Turkey has spent more than $125 billion (USD) to fight the PKK, a group that the United States and European Union recognize as a terrorist organization. There are, however, few good studies of the PKK and its related...

Beginnings is a personal narrative about a boy growing up in the Czechoslovakian country side during the German occupation, world war II, and the communist takeover. Escaping in 1948 by foot into free Germany, he made two daring returns to Czechoslovakia to help his friends and future wife. He recounts over two years spent in refugee camps in Germany and Italy and the trip from Germany to the USA on a US Navy liberty ship. His story takes place during one of the most volatile periods in European and world history of the 20th century. He recounts personal losses to the Nazi regime and includes...