Many American colleges and universities have implemented new forms of distance learning and education, such as the electronic delivery of courses or entire academic programs by video, computer or interactivity through television (ITV). Individual colleges and universities are considering whether to make substantial investments in this technology. In other words, they are circumspectly deciding whether to maintain or to enlarge classroom- based academic programs or to substitute electronic programs, which they believe may offer a variety of positive financial and academic results. In the...