With the imminent operational start of the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC), a range of fundamental experiments in nuclear and particle physics will come within reach in the near future, while this new facility will also provide a pulsed neutron source for applications in materials and life sciences. The present volume is dedicated the detailed presentation of eight among the most promising fundamental experiments, including the study of rare kaon decays (CP and T violations), neutrino oscillations, pentaquarks, hypernuclei precision spectroscopy, muon sciences (g-2,...